Codes and conventions
In media, there are media codes and conventions. Codes are symbol structures that generate meaning. Technical and symbolic codes are the two types of codes. Technical codes are all the different ways that equipment is used to tell a story in a media text, such as camera work in a film.
Conventions are repetitive methods of creating media works that employ codes that have become accepted by audiences over time. (For example, a fade to black indicates that time has passed; a car chase scene will include dramatic music) Codes and conventions construct meanings that are culturally determined.
Elements in media language
- camera
- sound
- editing
- mise en scene
Camera
In camera, there are shots, movement and angles. A shot in filmmaking and video production is a sequence of frames that runs for an extended period of time. Film shots are essential elements of a film in which angles, transitions, and cuts are used to express emotion, ideas, and movement. A camera is managed to move during exposure for a creative or artistic effect in intentional camera movement. As a result, the image points move across the recording medium, resulting in visible streaking in the resulting image.
Camera shots
- Extreme Wide Shot
- Long Shot / Wide Shot
- Full Shot
- Medium Long Shot / Medium Wide Shot
- Cowboy Shot
- Medium Shot
- Medium Close Up
- Close Up
- Extreme Close Up
- Establishing Shot
Camera angle
- eye level shot
- high angle shot
- hip level shot
- knee level shot
- dutch angle shot
- aerial shot
- overhead shot
- ground level shot
- shoulder level shot
- low angle shot
Camera movement
- static shot
- pan
- tilt
- push in
- push out
- zoom
- dolly
- roll
- tracking shot
- arc shot
- boom shot
- random movement
Sound
Sound Media examines how music recording, radio broadcasting, and muzak affect people's daily lives, as well as the many and varied creative techniques that have emerged in music and journalism throughout the twentieth century.
Non Diegetic Sound
Non-diegetic sound, also known as commentary or non-literal sound, is any type of sound that does not exist specifically within the world of the film itself. In other words, it's the kind of sound that characters in a movie can't hear, but we can. In other words, it's the kind of sound that characters in a movie can't hear, but we can.
Diegetic Sound
Diegetic sound is sound that originates within the world of a video or film. It can come from on-screen or off-screen, but it always occurs at the same time as the action. Diegetic sound can be heard in a character's speech, the roar of a speeding car, or the bang of Clint Eastwood's revolver. The source of diegetic sound does not have to be on screen; for example, thunderclaps or background piano music in a restaurant scene are both diegetic sounds.
Sound Effect
A sound effect is any sound that has been recorded specifically for the film and is not speech or music. Sound effects are typically associated with specific on-screen actions and recorded during post-production to enhance a scene.
Editing
The process of selecting and preparing written, photographic, visual, audible, or cinematic material for use by a person or entity to convey a message or information is known as editing. It is done during the post-production process.
There are various types of editing transitions such as:
- cut
- cross-cut
- contrast cut
- defocus
- dynamic cut
- l cut and j cut
- dissolve
- ripple dissolve
- fade
- iris
- invisible cut
- match cut
- jump cut
- whip pan
- wash
- wipe
- morph
Mise-en-scene
Mise-en-scene is a French term that literally means "to place on stage." In film and television, the term refers to everything visible on screen while watching a film. The main theory of Mise en Scene is how to manipulate a shot to achieve a cinematic masterpiece by framing and orchestrating the cuts and wielding the shots in an artistic bearing. There are roughly four elements of mise en scene that the director employs to stage the scene for the film in order to provide his audience with a visually pleasing experience.
4 Elements Of Mise-En-Scene
- Set Design
- Costume Design
- Props
- Staging and Composition
Stage/Set Design
The process of creating the physical setting for a staged performance is known as set design. It primarily refers to theater productions and includes all of the scenery, furniture, props, appearance, and overall look of the stage.
There are two types of set designs: realistic and stylistic. A realistic set design attempts to replicate the appearance of the environment in real life. This could include elaborate set construction or shooting on location. A stylistic set design will draw the viewer's attention to itself in some way.
Example: set design of black panther
Costume Design
"Costume" is frequently used to describe a specific style of clothing worn to portray the wearer as a character or type of character at a social event in a theatrical performance on stage, film, or television. A costume is worn by a single actor as a single character in a single scene or scenes in the story. Most importantly, before the film begins, the audience must believe that every character in the story has a life. The study of the screenplay is the first step in the costume design process.
Props
Is a stage or screen prop that is used by actors in a stage production or film production In practice, a prop is anything movable or portable on a stage or set that is not actors, scenery, costumes, or electrical equipment. Props are frequently linked to the narrative's plot or a cause and effect relationship. If a prop appears repeatedly throughout the narrative, it may become a motif and be linked to the story's theme or moral.
Staging & Composition
The composition of the elements on screen (actors, scenery, props, etc.) refers to how they appear in relation to each other and within the frame itself. In the early days of cinema, film composition resembled that of a stage play. The relationship of two characters on screen can suggest the character's relationship within the scene.
⇒ Eg: This scene in ratatouille is shot in which Linguiny is being controlled remy by remy moving linguini’s hair; this could show the differing level of power each character has. Despite Linguini being bigger than remy, in this shot we can see remy controlling linguini and his role as the main character.
⇒ Eg: This scene from stranger things also shows the differing level of dominance each character has. We can see Vecna creeping closely into Eleven showing he has more power and that Eleven has to fight against him to encapsulate her role as the main hero of the show.
Elements in media language
No comments:
Post a Comment